# CVE-2026-85394

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2026-85394
- **Severity:** CRITICAL
- **CVSS Score:** 9.3 (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)
- **CWE:** CWE-347
- **Published:** Sep 3, 2026
- **Last Modified:** Sep 14, 2026

## Description

python-jose through 3.5.0 fails to properly validate asymmetric keys in HMAC initialization, accepting DER-encoded public keys that lack PEM armor or SSH prefixes. Attackers holding the service's public key can forge HS256 tokens that pass verification when algorithms are not explicitly restricted. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-33663.

## Affected Products

- mpdavis — python-jose (0)

## References

- [CNA](https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414)
- [CNA](https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose)
- [CNA](https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/backends/native.py)
- [CNA](https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/utils.py)
- [CNA](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj)
- [CNA](https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-through-3.5.0-algorithm-confusion-via-der-encoded-public-key-as-hmac-secret)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 0.22%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 12.9

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-17._