# CVE-2026-74878

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2026-74878
- **Severity:** CRITICAL
- **CVSS Score:** 9.8 (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)
- **CWE:** CWE-770
- **Published:** Aug 17, 2026
- **Last Modified:** Aug 17, 2026

## Description

openssl_encrypt versions before 1.4.0 use an in-memory rate limiter for TOTP brute-force protection that is not shared across workers and is lost on server restart. Attackers can distribute authentication attempts across multiple server instances or retry immediately after a restart to bypass rate limiting protections.

## Affected Products

- jahlives — openssl_encrypt (0)
- jahlives — openssl_encrypt (1.4.0)

## References

- [CNA](https://github.com/jahlives/openssl_encrypt/security/advisories/GHSA-h45m-mgcp-q388)
- [CNA](https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openssl-encrypt-before-totp-rate-limiter-bypass)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 0.40%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 33.6

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-17._