# CVE-2026-56416

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2026-56416
- **Severity:** MEDIUM
- **CVSS Score:** 4.8 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L)
- **CWE:** CWE-354
- **Published:** Jul 22, 2026
- **Last Modified:** Jul 24, 2026

## Description

In NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.25.1, when the validator builds the canonical RDATA form for an RRSIG-covered PX/RP/MINFO/SOA RRset, it computes the address of the second embedded domain name as 'datstart + dname_valid(datstart, ...)' and passes it straight to 'query_dname_tolower()' without checking that a second name is actually present in the RDATA. The wire-format parser accepts multi-dname RRs whose RDATA ends after the first name, so an attacker who runs a DNSSEC-signed authoritative server can deliver a record with an absent second domain name (e.g. SOA record) and cause 'query_dname_tolower()' to walk label-by-label through stale bytes in the per-worker 'env->scratch_buffer', past the end of that heap allocation if 'msg-buffer-size' has been lowered from the default. This leads to heap buffer overflow and on a release build the outcome relies heavily on the contents of the buffer tail and the adjacent heap chunk.

## Affected Products

- NLnet Labs — Unbound (0)

## References

- [CNA](https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-56416.txt)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 0.12%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 2.3

---
_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-11._