# CVE-2026-40159

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2026-40159
- **Severity:** MEDIUM
- **CVSS Score:** 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)
- **CWE:** CWE-200, CWE-214
- **Published:** Apr 10, 2026
- **Last Modified:** Apr 15, 2026

## Description

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI’s MCP (Model Context Protocol) integration allows spawning background servers via stdio using user-supplied command strings (e.g., MCP("npx -y @smithery/cli ...")). These commands are executed through Python’s subprocess module. By default, the implementation forwards the entire parent process environment to the spawned subprocess. As a result, any MCP command executed in this manner inherits all environment variables from the host process, including sensitive data such as API keys, authentication tokens, and database credentials. This behavior introduces a security risk when untrusted or third-party commands are used. In common scenarios where MCP tools are invoked via package runners such as npx -y, arbitrary code from external or potentially compromised packages may execute with access to these inherited environment variables. This creates a risk of unintended credential exposure and enables potential supply chain attacks through silent exfiltration of secrets. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.

## Affected Products

- MervinPraison — PraisonAI (< 4.5.128)

## References

- [CNA](https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-pj2r-f9mw-vrcq)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 0.18%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 7.8

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-10._