# CVE-2025-62593

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2025-62593
- **Severity:** CRITICAL
- **CVSS Score:** 9.4 (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H)
- **CWE:** CWE-94, CWE-352
- **Published:** Nov 26, 2025
- **Last Modified:** Aug 18, 2026

## Description

Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string "Mozilla" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0.

## Affected Products

- ray-project — ray (< 2.52.0)

## References

- [CNA](https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v)
- [CNA](https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09)
- [CISA-ADP](https://www.bitsight.com/blog/rondodox-botnet-infrastructure-analysis)
- [CISA-ADP](https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62593)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 16.89%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 96.9

## Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV)

- **Date Added:** Aug 18, 2026
- **Due Date:** Aug 21, 2026

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-17._