# CVE-2025-54782

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2025-54782
- **Severity:** CRITICAL
- **CVSS Score:** 9.4 (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H)
- **CWE:** CWE-77, CWE-78, CWE-352
- **Published:** Aug 1, 2025
- **Last Modified:** Mar 12, 2026

## Description

Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. In versions 0.2.0 and below, a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was discovered in the @nestjs/devtools-integration package. When enabled, the package exposes a local development HTTP server with an API endpoint that uses an unsafe JavaScript sandbox (safe-eval-like implementation). Due to improper sandboxing and missing cross-origin protections, any malicious website visited by a developer can execute arbitrary code on their local machine. The package adds HTTP endpoints to a locally running NestJS development server. One of these endpoints, /inspector/graph/interact, accepts JSON input containing a code field and executes the provided code in a Node.js vm.runInNewContext sandbox. This is fixed in version 0.2.1.

## Affected Products

- nestjs — nest (< 0.2.1)

## References

- [CNA](https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7)
- [CNA](https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-integration-rce-poc)
- [CNA](https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-starter-w-devtools-integration)
- [CNA](https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html)
- [CNA](https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 49.18%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 98.8

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-11._