# CVE-2025-4565

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2025-4565
- **Severity:** HIGH
- **CVSS Score:** 8.2 (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)
- **CWE:** CWE-674
- **Published:** Jun 16, 2025
- **Last Modified:** Mar 13, 2026

## Description

Any project that uses Protobuf Pure-Python backend to parse untrusted Protocol Buffers data containing an arbitrary number of recursive groups, recursive messages or a series of SGROUP tags can be corrupted by exceeding the Python recursion limit. This can result in a Denial of service by crashing the application with a RecursionError. We recommend upgrading to version =>6.31.1 or beyond commit 17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901

## Affected Products

- protocolbuffers — Python-Protobuf (0)

## References

- [CNA](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 0.26%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 17.9

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-10._