# CVE-2025-10230

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2025-10230
- **Severity:** CRITICAL
- **CVSS Score:** 10 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H)
- **CWE:** CWE-78
- **Published:** Nov 7, 2025
- **Last Modified:** Aug 31, 2026

## Description

A flaw was found in Samba, in the front-end WINS hook handling: NetBIOS names from registration packets are passed to a shell without proper validation or escaping. Unsanitized NetBIOS name data from WINS registration packets are inserted into a shell command and executed by the Samba Active Directory Domain Controller’s wins hook, allowing an unauthenticated network attacker to achieve remote command execution as the Samba process.

## Affected Products

- Unknown product (0)
- Unknown product (4.22.0)
- Unknown product (4.23.0)

## References

- [CNA](https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-10230)
- [CNA](https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2394377)
- [CNA](https://www.samba.org/samba/history/security.html)
- [CVE](https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-10230-detect-samba-vulnerability)
- [CVE](https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-10230-mitigate-samba-vulnerability)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 39.65%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 98.5

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-18._