# CVE-2023-46589

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2023-46589
- **Severity:** HIGH
- **CVSS Score:** 7.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)
- **CWE:** CWE-444
- **Published:** Nov 28, 2023
- **Last Modified:** Sep 17, 2026

## Description

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M10, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.15, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.82 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.95 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A trailer header that exceeded the header size limit could cause Tomcat to treat a single 
request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request 
smuggling when behind a reverse proxy.


Older, EOL versions may also be affected.


Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M11 onwards, 10.1.16 onwards, 9.0.83 onwards or 8.5.96 onwards, which fix the issue.

## Affected Products

- Apache Software Foundation — Apache Tomcat (11.0.0-M1)
- Apache Software Foundation — Apache Tomcat (10.1.0-M1)
- Apache Software Foundation — Apache Tomcat (9.0.0-M1)
- Apache Software Foundation — Apache Tomcat (8.5.0)
- Apache Software Foundation — Apache Tomcat (3)
- Apache Software Foundation — Apache Tomcat (10.0.0-M1)

## References

- [CNA](https://lists.apache.org/thread/0rqq6ktozqc42ro8hhxdmmdjm1k1tpxr)
- [CNA](https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/28/2)
- [CVE](https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231214-0009/)
- [CVE](https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00001.html)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 56.30%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 98.1

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-17._