# CVE-2012-10021

## Summary

- **CVE ID:** CVE-2012-10021
- **Severity:** CRITICAL
- **CVSS Score:** 9.3 (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)
- **CWE:** CWE-121
- **Published:** Jul 31, 2025
- **Last Modified:** May 14, 2026

## Description

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in D-Link DIR-605L Wireless N300 Cloud Router firmware versions 1.12 and 1.13 via the getAuthCode() function. The flaw arises from unsafe usage of sprintf() when processing user-supplied CAPTCHA data via the FILECODE parameter in /goform/formLogin. A remote unauthenticated attacker can exploit this to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the device.

## Affected Products

- D-Link — DIR-605L (1.12)

## References

- [CNA](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/dlink_dir605l_captcha_bof.rb)
- [CNA](https://web.archive.org/web/20121012062554/http://www.devttys0.com/2012/10/exploiting-a-mips-stack-overflow/)
- [CNA](https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/29127)
- [CNA](https://forums.dlink.com/index.php?topic=51923.0)
- [CNA](https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dlink-dir605l-captcha-handling-stack-based-buffer-overflow)

## Exploitation Prediction (EPSS)

- **EPSS Score:** 55.32%
- **EPSS Percentile:** 98.0

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_Exported from OnDuty AI Vulnerability Intelligence on 2026-09-18._